精萘的提取可以通過多種方法進行，以下是幾種常見的精萘提取方法：

　　The extraction of refined naphthalene can be carried out through various methods, and the following are several common methods for extracting refined naphthalene:

　　煤焦油提取法 ：

　　Coal tar extraction method:

　　從高溫煤焦油中分離出萘油餾分（210-230℃），經過洗滌脫酚和精餾分離輕組分，得到工業萘。

　　Separate naphthalene oil fraction (210-230 ℃) from high-temperature coal tar, wash and dephenolate, and separate light components by distillation to obtain industrial naphthalene.

　　工業萘進一步通過酸洗和蒸餾，硫含量可降至小于0.1%，再通過加氫精制工藝，硫含量可低于0.05%。

　　Industrial naphthalene can further reduce its sulfur content to less than 0.1% through acid washing and distillation, and then through hydrogenation refining process, its sulfur content can be reduced to less than 0.05%.

　　結晶法 ：

　　Crystallization method:

　　利用不同純度萘的熔點差異，通過分步結晶和融化操作，高結晶點萘進入成品槽，低純度萘進入殘油罐。

　　By utilizing the melting point differences of different purity naphthalenes, high crystallization point naphthalenes enter the finished product tank and low purity naphthalenes enter the residual oil tank through step-by-step crystallization and melting operations.

　　在精制工序中，通過閃蒸進一步精制制得精萘。

　　In the refining process, refined naphthalene is further refined by flash evaporation.

　　溶劑萃取法 ：

　　Solvent extraction method:

　　使用乙醇對煤焦油進行萃取，然后對萃出液減壓蒸餾，得到含萘量較高的固液混合物，經過濾抽干得到粗萘。

　　Ethanol is used to extract coal tar, and then the extracted liquid is subjected to vacuum distillation to obtain a solid-liquid mixture with high naphthalene content. After filtration and dehydration, crude naphthalene is obtained.

　　水蒸汽蒸餾法 ：

　　Steam distillation method:

　　建立水蒸汽蒸餾提純粗萘的方法，所得精萘純度可達99.48%，回收率在93%以上。

　　Establishing a method for steam distillation purification of crude naphthalene, the purity of refined naphthalene obtained can reach 99.48%, with a recovery rate of over 93%.

　　分步結晶法 ：

　　Stepwise crystallization method:

　　將工業萘裝入箱式結晶器中，根據萘中各餾分結晶點的差別進行分步結晶提純。

　　Load industrial naphthalene into a box type crystallizer and perform step-by-step crystallization purification based on the differences in crystallization points of each fraction in naphthalene.

　　豎管式結晶法 ：

　　Vertical tube crystallization method:

　　利用豎管式結晶器進行多級結晶過程，包括結晶、發汗和熔融步驟，生產出高純度的精萘。

　　Using a vertical tube crystallizer for multi-stage crystallization process, including crystallization, sweating, and melting steps, high-purity refined naphthalene is produced.

　　反應與精餾結合法 ：

　　Reaction and distillation combined method:

　　以工業萘為原料，通過過氧化氫氧化和有機酸、無機酸催化，結合精餾方法提取精萘。

　　Using industrial naphthalene as raw material, refined naphthalene is extracted through hydrogen peroxide oxidation, organic acid and inorganic acid catalysis, and distillation method.

　　以上方法中，結晶法和分步結晶法因其高純度和節能效果而被廣泛應用。選擇具體提取方法時，需要考慮原料來源、成本、環境影響及生產規模等因素。

　　Among the above methods, crystallization and stepwise crystallization are widely used due to their high purity and energy-saving effects. When selecting a specific extraction method, factors such as raw material sources, costs, environmental impact, and production scale need to be considered.

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